Tughra

 The Ottoman tuğrâ (or tughra) is a signature seal, usually of a Sultan. It was used as a signature for documents, carved into architecture, and placed on coins during the Sultan’s reign. It’s basically a fancy Arabic signature with calligraphic designs and intricate patterns.

This is the seal of Sultan Süleiman the Magnificent, made around 1555-1600 AD:



The tughra was a creative combination of the Sultan's name and title.



This is the tughra of Sultan Mahmud II
It reads in Arabic "Mahmud Khan son of Abdülhamid, forever victorious". Written out normally, it looks like: 

The tughra signatures were already complex, but often had even more decoration added to show off how important the Sultan was.


Making your own tughra:
  • Start by combining the letters of your name into one shape. Think about different ways you can overlap or layer the letters.
  • Make sure your final design has multiple overlapping lines and enclosed areas.


  • Add colorful designs and patterns in any enclosed areas. You can add doodles and designs around your signature too.


Success Criteria:
  • Your name in large, overlapping letters
  • All enclosed areas filled with colorful, detailed patterns
  • Optional: Add details or doodles around the outside of your signature


Review Book Success Criteria:
  • Same as above




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